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Lead-acid batteries are a widely used and established type of rechargeable battery known for their reliability and cost-effectiveness. They are available in various types, each designed to suit specific applications and operational requirements. Here, we will delve into the most common types of lead-acid batteries and their key characteristics.
Flooded lead-acid (FLA) batteries, also known as wet cell batteries, are the most traditional and widely recognized type of lead-acid battery. These batteries consist of lead plates submerged in a liquid electrolyte, typically a dilute sulfuric acid solution. They are commonly found in automotive applications, such as cars, motorcycles, and trucks. Key features of flooded lead-acid batteries include:
NorGal/iStock / Getty Images Plus Car battery with jumper cable.
Car battery with jumper cable.
VRLA batteries are a sealed lead-acid battery type that eliminates the need for maintenance and ensures a leak-free, spill-proof design. Some VRLA batteries, also known as sealed lead-acid (SLA) batteries, feature a sealed design to prevent electrolyte leakage and are typically maintenance-free. The 'sealed' aspect is essential for applications where the battery cannot be regularly inspected or serviced. Two common subtypes of VRLA batteries are absorbent glass mat (AGM) and gel batteries:
AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) batteries incorporate a fiberglass mesh between the battery plates, effectively containing the electrolyte and providing a barrier between them. Key features of VRLA batteries are:
nikkytok/ iStock / Getty Images Plus Valve regulated lead acid battery.
Valve regulated lead acid battery.
Gel Batteries use a gel-like electrolyte formed by mixing sulfuric acid with fumed silica to make it immobile. They are designed for deep-cycle applications and offer several benefits:
AlexLMX/ iStock / Getty Images Plus Sealed lead-acid battery.
While lead-acid batteries may not offer the high energy density or lifespan of some other battery technologies, their proven reliability and cost-effectiveness continue to make them a preferred choice in many industries, from automotive to renewable energy, providing a dependable and accessible source of stored energy. The world of lead-acid batteries presents solutions for many applications, ranging from reliable and economical flooded lead-acid batteries to hassle-free and hermetically sealed options like VRLA or sealed batteries.
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